Journal: Retrovirology

Article Title: Opposing regulation of endolysosomal pathways by long-acting nanoformulated antiretroviral therapy and HIV-1 in human macrophages

doi: 10.1186/s12977-014-0133-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: NanoATV regulation of cytokine profiles in HIV-1 infected MDM. MDM were treated with 100 μM native ATV or nanoATV and infected with HIV-1 at day 0, 5 or 10 post-drug treatment. Untreated, uninfected cells were used as controls. After 24 hours of viral infection, cell culture media were collected and analyzed using a cytokine bead array. (A) Density plots show expression of IL-12, TNF, IL-10, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-8 for control, treated, HIV-1 infected and treated infected MDM. Cytokine levels were detected by FACSArray cytometer and data was plotted using FlowJo (version 10.7) software. (B) Levels of IL-12 and TNF after treatment and infection are shown. Data are analyzed using FCAP software and values of cytokine expression were expressed as pg/mL.

Article Snippet: 24 hours after drug treatment, 50 μL cell culture media from treated and infected MDM were tested to determine the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines measured by a cytokine bead array (CBA) detection kit (Becton Dickinson Biosciences; Mississauga, ON, USA) and performed according to instructions of the manufacturer.

Techniques: Infection, Cell Culture, Expressing, Control, Cytometry, Software

Journal: Breast Cancer Research : BCR

Article Title: siRNA treatment targeting integrin α11 overexpressed via EZH2-driven axis inhibits drug-resistant breast cancer progression

doi: 10.1186/s13058-024-01827-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Integrin α11 overexpression induces resistance to anticancer drugs in breast cancer cells (A) Differential gene expression analysis was conducted using Nanostring nCounter Pancancer Pathway array kits, and the results were visualized as a Venn diagram. (B, C) The 117 genes commonly up-regulated in TAMR and ADR compared to parental MCF-7 cells are shown as heatmaps (B) and functionally enriched Gene Ontology (GO) pathways (fold change ≥ 2, p < 0.05) (C). (D) Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) of transcriptome data was performed on TAMR and ADR cells. (E-G) Transfection of TAMR and ADR cells with ITGA11 siRNA recovers sensitivity to tamoxifen or Doxorubicin: Cell viability by MTT assay (E), FACS analysis showing early and late apoptosis (F), and caspase-3 activity (G) in ITGA11 siRNA-transfected TAMR and ADR cells in the presence of different concentrations of tamoxifen or Doxorubicin. * p < 0.05, compared to siNT-transfected group. # p < 0.05 compared to siRNA and vehicle-treated group. (H) Western blot analysis shows the expression of Integrin α11 and integrin β1 at basal level of MCF-7, TAMR, and ADR cells. (I) Western blots of immunoprecipitates (IP) with an anti-integrin α11 antibody show that integrin α11 interacts with integrin β1. IgG was used as a negative control antibody. ‘In’ represents input (the total protein lysate used). (J) TAMR and ADR cells transfected with ITGB1 siRNA were analysed for recovery of sensitivity to tamoxifen and Doxorubicin

Article Snippet: mRNAs were extracted and analyzed using the Nanostringn Ncounter Pancancer Pathway array kits and systems, provided by PhileKorea (Seoul, South Korea).

Techniques: Over Expression, Expressing, Transfection, MTT Assay, Activity Assay, Western Blot, Negative Control